According to the Labour Bureau바카라s Employment Unemployment Surveys, total employment in the country shrank by about 0.4 per cent annually between 2013-14 and 2015-16, a number which corresponds to 37.4 lakh people being unemployed.
There has been an absolute decline in employment 바카라 number of people with jobs 바카라 between 2013-14 and 2015-16, possibly for the first time since independence, a new study published in the EPW . Three critical sources of jobs 바카라 construction, manufacturing and IT services 바카라 performed the worst, the paper by Vinoj Abraham of the Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, said. The construction sector is India바카라s largest informal sector employer.
The author combined data sources from three flagship labour market surveys바카라 The Labour Bureau바카라s Employment Unemployment Surveys (LB-EUS) the Quarterly Quick Employment Surveys (QES) and the Revised QES바카라 for recent periods to show that while there has been an absolute drop in the unorganized sector, in the organized sector, the rate of growth of employment has tanked.
In a novel technique, the author uses both Labour Bureau바카라s Employment Unemployment Household Surveys and the Quarterly Employment Surveys of Enterprises to get 바카라evidence바카라 from both 바카라supply and demand side바카라. While 바카라demand side바카라 is a term economist use to denote employers, supply side refers to job-seekers.
According to the Labour Bureau바카라s Employment Unemployment Surveys, total employment in the country shrank by about 0.4 per cent annually between 2013-14 and 2015-16 (going by the usual principal status criterion for those 15 years and above), a number which corresponds to 37.4 lakh people being unemployed. Usual principal status denotes a person who has been unemployed relatively for a longer period of time.
The study quotes the QES survey to state a 바카라dismal picture of employment creation in India바카라. After the October quarter in 2011, in no quarter were more than 2 lakh people employed. According to labour ministry data, nearly 12 million Indians enter the workforce in India every year. In three of the 12 quarters during 2014 and 2016, the situation worsened due to an 바카라absolute decline in employment바카라.
The study states that the decline in job creation has been worst in the past three years. In the two years between March 2010 and March 2012, employment in the select sectors rose by 18.15 lakh, while in the next two years between March 2012 to March 2014, employment creation slowed down to just 6.2 lakh. In the following 19 months from March 2014 to December 2015, employment creation further slowed down to 5.92 lakh.
Between March 2014 and December 2015, average monthly employment creation declined to 30,000 jobs. And between March바카라December 2015, the average employment creation fell to its worst levels: 8,000 jobs per month.
바카라Perhaps this is for the first time in independent India that we have an absolute decline in employment,바카라 Abraham writes.
Abraham also takes into account the organised and unorganized sectors. He says that the picture which emerges is one 바카라of an absolute decline of employment in India, with much of it probably in the unorganised sector, while the organised sector is seeing a sharp decline in the growth of employment.바카라
Abraham says India바카라s labour market is facing a 바카라crisis바카라 with the employment rate stagnating across almost all sectors. Indicators have worsened since mid-2014 and the 바카라weakest among the working class are bearing the brunt of the employment decline,바카라 the study said.