Why 바카라�Abua바카라� Is Important In Jharkhand Assembly Elections

As the campaigns for the Jharkhand Assembly elections reaches its peak, the word 바카라�Abua바카라� has taken centrestage in political conversation. In their campaigns, both Chief Minister Hemant Soren and his MLA wife Kalpana Soren evoked the term 바카라�Abua Sarkar바카라� several times. The Sorens in their statements made the distinction between 바카라�us바카라� and 바카라�them바카라� very clear. 바카라�Those who come from outside don바카라�t know our culture, language and rituals. Only a government under the leadership of Hemant Soren would be 바카라�Abua Sarkar바카라�,바카라� fumed Kalpana.

But what does the word 바카라�Abua바카라� mean? Why is the word so important in Jharkhand politics that JMM has named its major schemes with the prefix 바카라�Abua바카라�? The word 바카라�Abua바카라� in Adivasi languages means 바카라�our바카라�. It stems from Birsa Munda바카라�s slogan of 바카라�Abua raj ete jana, maharani raj tundu jana바카라� meaning 바카라�Let the kingdom of queen be ended and our kingdom be established바카라�. During their fight against the British rule, Birsa Munda gave the clarion call for 바카라�Abua Disham, Abua Raj바카라� and wanted to have Adivasi rule in Adivasi land. 

This sentiment of Adivasi rule dominated the politics of the Chhota Nagpur region for long. It was in 1912, when Bihar was carved out from Bengal, that Asmat Ali gave a call for the separate state of Jharkhand. When Adivasi leader Jaipal Singh Munda formed Adivasi Mahasabha in 1938, the demand for the separate state was further entrenched. The long struggle for 바카라�Abua바카라� rule in Jharkhand ultimately ended in 2000 when the state was carved out of Bihar.

In 2000, when the Jharkhand state was formed, human rights organisation BIRSA came up with four 바카라�People바카라�s Agenda바카라� to govern the state. Firstly, they said that the CMs, deputy CMs and leaders who would be in direct contact with the people should be local and should belong to local tribal groups. Secondly, they noted, "tribal land should be restored and the leases of mines in the area should be taken away from non-tribals and given to local tribal groups". The third demand was against the displacement of Adivasis due to development projects; and the fourth and final one was to form a committee comprising leaders of the Jharkhand movement, intellectuals, women, ST leaders, SCs and others to look into the interests of the local population. 

While most of the demands were hardly implemented, the identity of the CM was not compromised on until Raghubar Das was deputed by the BJP as the CM. After 2019, when Soren government came to power, it immediately took up the sentiment of 바카라�Abua Sarkar바카라� and in the following years came up with Abua Swasthya Yojana, Abua Awas Yojana to provide healthcare and shelter schemes to those who have, for different reasons, not been enlisted in the central government schemes. In 2023, the government also launched Abua Bir Dishom Abhiyan to spread awareness about forest rights.

Though initially, all of the CMs of the state were Adivasi themselves, in 2014, BJP played a different card and made Raghubar Das, a non-Adivasi the CM of the state. His tenure was mired with controversies as he tried to amend the Santhal Pargana Tenancy Act, allegedly with the intent to strip Adivasis of their land rights. The fallout was a massive movement by Adivasis in 2017-18. Consequently in 2019, despite the party바카라�s formidable performance in the Lok Sabha, the BJP lost the Assembly elections and a Hemant Soren-led coalition of JMM-Congress-RJD came to power. This sudden 바카라�detribalisation바카라� of Jharkhand politics, as the author Sujit Kumar calls it, brought back the discourse of 바카라�Abua raj바카라�.

In 2019, while campaigning for the assembly elections, Heman Soren gave a call for 바카라�Abua Sarkar바카라� and said, 바카라�BJP is bringing its functionaries from Delhi, UP, Gujarat and Maharashtra. A lot of heroes and heroines are also coming to the state. Once the election is over, none of them will come and alleviate your problems. They will leave a strongman in Raghubar Das.  All of you know how he tried to snatch your land by changing the SPT Act.바카라� 

Referring to the results of Maharashtra elections where the united Shiv Sena avoided the BJP and formed the government with an undivided NCP and the Congress, Soren said, 바카라�In Maharashtra, Chhatrapati Shivaji바카라�s teer-dhanush drove out BJP. In our Jharkhand, our bow and arrow will do the same to the BJP.바카라� However, Soren바카라�s focus was not limited to Adivasis, unlike his predecessors from the 1930s; rather, he took cues from Jharkhand party, the later version of Adivasi Mahasabha that wanted to accommodate both Adivasis and Moolvasis in their struggle.

Loktantra Bachao Abhiyan, a civil society group also published its manifesto for 바카라�Abua Raj바카라� in which they, after appreciating work done by Hemant Sarkar like passing of Sarna code bill and domicile policy, asked for the implementation of PESA rules and other land-related demands. The claims for 바카라�Abua Sarkar바카라� thus have gained fresh traction in this election. The question lies in whether the BJP would be able to counter the 바카라�Abua바카라� narrative with its electoral planks of infiltrators, development and anti-corruption.