The Kindling Crucible

The personality of the new Indian citizen, though still nebulous, can be outlined바카라�she and he have cast away the apathy of the past to become remarkably assertive. They believe they must play the role of the watchdog of democracy every day, eschewing the tendency to reduce it to a ritual performed every five years; they don바카라�t think they should accept all laws Parliament frames바카라�especially those not to their satisfaction; they don바카라�t believe their representatives are their mai-baap; and, more significantly, they fervently believe in their strength and resolve to usher in the change they want to see around them. They are simply so many Obamas saying, 바카라�Yes, we can바카라�.

In a sharp departure from the politics of the past two decades, the new citizen accepts the existence of divergent views and beliefs in a pluralistic society. He and she believe that in the open school of democracy, different speakers espouse a bewildering variety of worldviews and it is for the people to choose what they wish to subscribe to. They seem to understand that the suffering and anguish of a people bind them in deeper and more enduring ties than ascribed identities. This holds out the hope that they perhaps could imbibe the spirit of empathy for those from groups more marginalised than theirs. The new citizen is willing to listen, learn and set aside the goggles of the past through which he and she have been perceiving the present and wear those more suitable to 2011.

It is August 21, a Sunday, and I바카라�m wending my way to the Ramlila Maidan, oblivious about the existence of said foundry, as also about those working in it, other than the handful who comprise Team Anna. The road bustles with people바카라�wearing their Anna topis and waving the tricolour, they chant a medley of slogans to create an incomprehensible din. As I mingle with the throng, engaging in snatches of conversation here and there, I seem to become, in my quest to fathom the flow of inexhaustible energy, the proverbial eye in the sky.

From up there, I see different glaciers of rage, each sporting a different name바카라�bribe, price rise, land appropriation, high college fees, unemployment, low wages et al바카라�melt into so many mountain slipstreams that pour into a torrent of water hurtling down, threatening to smash through any bulwark erected in its course, and discovering the depths of its own fury and majestic power. It바카라�s a sight quite enchanting, mesmerising and humbling. It바카라�s also a sight quite frightening바카라�it has demonstrated the propensity to overflow the 바카라�banks of the Constitution바카라�, recognising no will other than its own, and threatening to drown out those wishing to tame and control it. Shades of anarchy? A madness with no method?

Putting their hands up Anna supporters throng Ramlila Maidan. (Photograph by Narendra Bisht)

To sites such as the Ramlila Maidan, we often venture with preconceived notions바카라�formed by our own experiences and those of others, further defined and distilled from the images 24x7 TV channels beam. I am aware of certain pet theories about the Anna movement바카라�that the urban middle class dominates the movement, that the RSS has mobilised the crowds in the hope of wresting the Uttar Pradesh assembly from Mayawati바카라�s control and launching a final assault against the UPA in 2014. The crowds, it is said, comprise reactionary Hindu communalists virulently opposed to Muslims, OBCs and Dalits.

At one of the gates to the Maidan stands human rights activist Gautam Navlakha, a veteran of many battles against the state, distributing pamphlets of his own. 바카라�You, here?바카라� asks someone. His response was prompt: the Anna movement has opened wide the shrinking space for protesting against the state. He understands the inherent dangers of the movement. 바카라�On the stage are progressive people, there are RSS volunteers in the crowd. But there are also many others with different ideological inclinations. If you go by the JP and Bofors movements, you can say that the BJP would benefit electorally.바카라�

Walking past Navlakha, hearing some staid speeches and muted applause, the sultry Sunday afternoon becomes magically transformed as Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) leader Medha Patkar takes the stage. The massive crowd, growing in number hourly, goes into a frenzy as Patkar nimbly flits from one topic to another, launching a sally against the state바카라�s hubris and then linking corruption to land, forest and Dalit rights. She asks the people to take an oath, 바카라�We will not indulge in corruption, nor will we allow corruption.바카라� And then she delivers the punchline that no TV channel dared telecast: 바카라�They proudly crow that the Ambanis earn a lakh of rupees every minute, but the same people remain silent to the farmers committing suicide.바카라� The applause is deafening. It causes me to wonder about the media바카라�s agenda, about its insistence on projecting the Anna movement as being driven by the middle class focused on the solitary issue of corruption. Really, could this be the place where reactionary forces outnumber those radical? As if in response, a college student, in jeans, smirks and says, 바카라�This Medha, she will kill growth.바카라�

On another day, at another hour, the crowd outside and inside the Maidan seemed to have mutated바카라�there바카라�s a greater presence of villagers and those from the lower middle class and even lower. They have travelled distances to reach the heart of Delhi. There are villagers from Karnal in Haryana, linking corruption to price rise; there are two drivers from the Tikri gas plant who have been laid off and want their jobs back; there are Muslims decrying Imam Bukhari바카라�s description of the Anna movement as anti-Muslim. And whenever a speaker from the stage ends his speech with the cry of 바카라�Vande Mataram바카라�, the master of ceremony echoes the day바카라�s new clarion call: 바카라�Anna ke chaar siphai, Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, Isai.바카라� I bump into a chartered accountant, an Aggarwal, who has come to express his solidarity with Anna. He points to his daughter and says, 바카라�They want Rs 14 lakh for admission in a management college.바카라� Isn바카라�t this an RSS show? Aggarwal shakes his head and says, 바카라�For a movement to succeed, it must be based on truth, public support, and religious harmony.바카라�

The scene is surreal near the dais바카라�an old man sitting alone on it, shrivelled up, unshaven, frail, and a mammoth crowd watching and celebrating his indomitable will, his mulish stubborness. It바카라�s here I bump into political scientist Yogendra Yadav, who바카라�s waiting for his turn to speak, having belatedly joined the movement after an intense argument with himself about its ideological nature. On a recent trip through Haryana, he saw the movement widen to include social groups other than the middle class; of towns choosing their own small Annas and building a campaign against corruption around them; about the movement바카라�s potential to encompass issues other than corruption. Yadav says he has come here accompanying a Valmiki group that has joined the movement.

But even before Yadav climbs the stairs to the dais, a succession of Muslim speakers take centre-stage. One of them belongs to an organisation representing backward caste Muslims and hails from the extremely poor district of Mewat. He tell the crowds, 바카라�Ramzan is the month in which we Muslims introspect and live a quiet life. But Anna바카라�s call has aroused our fury. Corruption crushes us Muslims too.바카라� He walks down the stage to field a question from a gaggle of journalists: what about Imam Bukhari? 바카라�Vote hamara, fatwa unka,바카라� he remarks sardonically, adding, 바카라�he neither has zameer nor zameen.바카라� From the stage, a Maulana reminds people that the Muslims of India had rejected Jinnah바카라�s two-nation theory, that August 15, 1947, had fallen in the month of Ramzan, as has the Anna movement of 2011. Perhaps it바카라�s our fault to unearth divisive issues in an agenda that is explicitly not exclusivist. Therein perhaps lies the test for the movement바카라�its capacity to respond to criticism, as it has constantly sought to over the last 10 days, seeking to include different social groups outside it.

Epitome Mumtaz, 25, an articulate social activist from Mewat. (Photograph by Sanjay Rawat)

But nobody epitomises the new Indian citizen as does Mumtaz, a 25-year-old social activist from Mewat. She neatly delineates the nuances of the laws governing land acquisition, underscoring the State바카라�s callous treatment of those who reside in villages, leavening her profound analysis with Urdu couplets she had written, each extolling the virtues of remaining socially united and challenging the people바카라�s enemy바카라�the arrogant, indifferent State. Mumtaz works the crowd into a frenzy more intense than even the nba leader as she chants, 바카라�Bharat Mata ki Jai바카라�. Her mentor바카라�the backward caste leader바카라�says slogans coined in another historical context have been denuded of their earlier meanings. It is simply absurd to advance that the mere sloganeering of 바카라�Bharat Mata바카라� makes a Muslim guilty of idol worship, he argues.

It바카라�s then that I know it in my bones바카라�the Ramlila Maidan is now a site where thousands of wounds demand succour; it is where a million mutinies dotting the country have found expression; it is the vent through which the free-floating anger of India seeks release; it is the new seminary of politics where the new Indian is being defined and refined. May the new Indian citizen mature, beyond temporary defeats and victories.