The Master Plan, Unveiled

More than a century after Edwin Lutyens first began work on British India바카라�s imperial capital, the neo-classical architect remains a household name in New Delhi, the city he designed. But until now, Lutyens바카라� Delhi has honoured him only in name. No museum bothered to introduce the public to the great architect, his work in India.

The renowned museum-maker, Saroj Ghose, has designed it as a 바카라�storytelling museum바카라�, a concept still new to India though it바카라�s all the rage internationally. When the London museum group His­t­o­rical Royal Palaces (its properties include the Tower of London and Kensington Palace) took to storytelling, its chief curator Lucy Worsley wrote: 바카라�We realised that our resources consist not only of five wonderful buildings, but also a rich store of stories.바카라�

At its core, the Rashtrapati Bhavan Museum tells the story of New Delhi, covering a period stretching from the Delhi Durbar in 1911, when the shifting of the capital from Calcutta was ann­ounced, to the birth of the republic and the swearing in of Rajendra Prasad as the first President in 1950.

The New Delhi story is narrated in the coach house, while the stalls where once horses were stabled display a collection of kitsch or valuable gifts that various presidents got, such as a Cho­nma Chong gold crown from South Korea and a gold scabbard studded with precious stones from Saudi Arabia.

There is also a dramatic arms gallery recreating the Anglo-Sikh and Anglo-Afghan wars and a room dedicated to the President바카라�s Bodyguard, the oldest regiment in the Indian army, raised in 1773 by governor-general William Hastings.

But for me the real highlight of the new Rashtrapati Bhavan Museum is its focus on Lutyens. On display are his letters, architectural drawings, furniture sketc­hes and watercolours (often done in collaboration with an assistant), including a classic of India Gate that should be turned into a museum poster, and several of Rashtrapati Bhavan interiors. Water­colours by Lutyens바카라� rival, Herbert Baker, who designed the North and South Blocks, are also exhibited.

Lutyens바카라� letters provide a glimpse into his obsessive attention to detail, fretting about where a painting should be hung or how much of the furniture should be painted (rather than polished). Spread across almost all the stalls you can see the distinctive, often quirky furniture designed by Lutyens바카라�tables, benches and five different types of chairs. They dem­onstrate the architect바카라�s playful sense of design, inspired not just by geometry but also by natural forms, like a flower or even a spider바카라�s web. As Candi Lutyens바카라� furniture reproduction website says of her grandfather바카라�s style: 바카라�Precise and intricate mathematical details lend an element of surprise and Lutyens바카라� well-renowned love of jokes and 바카라�visual puns바카라� is self-evident in many of the tricks he employs.바카라�

It바카라�s not so well-known that a lot of the unique furniture that went into the 340-room Vic­e­roy바카라�s House (later the Ras­htrapati Bha­van) was designed by Lut­yens. A pro­duct of the Arts and Crafts Move­ment in Britain, he was an eclectic and prolific designer. From magnificent palaces and grand memorial arches to tables, chairs, garden fountains and even door handles, nothing escaped his keen and lively eye.

Some of Lutyens바카라� furniture has ended up in decorative arts museums, like the v&a in London, and even reproductions fetch high prices. The Ras­htrapati Bha­van design demonstrates Lutyens바카라� ability to synthesise diverse influences, and create something unique. This quality is reflected in his furniture too. His granddaughter sees a connection: 바카라�The result is, like many of his buildings, absolutely controlled yet somehow astonishing바카라�at first sight conventional, yet encompassing at a second glance both the whimsical and the paradoxical.바카라�

A watercolour of India Gate by Lutyens

Lutyens, for instance, designed aro­und 18 different types of chairs for Viceroy바카라�s House. Unfortunately, after independence, due to neglect and misuse, quite a lot of the original furniture was destroyed or lost. Even the viceroy바카라�s bed is missing. But a significant number of pieces were recovered and restored after Pranab Mukherjee became president, and some of these can be seen at the new museum.

Sadly, though the exhibits are a delight, no attempt has been made to tell Luty­ens바카라� story or to introduce visitors to his architecture and furniture design. In a talk at the National Museum recently, historian Romila Thapar spoke of the importance of providing information that helps museum-goers understand the significance of exhibits. Lutyens, unfortunately, is let down by the grossly inadequate and sometimes incorrect lab­e­lling at Rashtrapati Bhavan Museum.

What바카라�s worse, in the stables section of the new museum, visitors are not allowed to enter the stalls, making it impossible to properly view the exhibits. This misplaced concern with security has provo­ked the octogenarian Ghose to resign and return to Calcutta. But the new mus­eum is only the first step in the president바카라�s plans to 바카라�democratise바카라� Ras­htrapati Bha­van and open it up to ordinary Indians. A 10,000-sq-ft museum space is being cre­ated opposite the stables, con­verting the old garages into a three-storey underground structure at a cost of `60 crore. Without Ghose, this ambitious expansion project will be a big challenge.

In a city with a rich history but a real paucity of museums (China opens 100 new museums every year), the birth of the Rashtrapati Bhavan Museum is something to celebrate. But though the new museum pays tribute to one colonial Englishman, it totally ignores another. New Delhi is popularly known as Lutyens바카라� Delhi, but its real founder was the viceroy Lord Hardinge (just as Shah Jahan was the founder of Old Delhi).   

Hardinge is totally forgotten today. His statue, which used to stand at the foot of the Jaipur Column in Rashtrapati Bha­van, was removed to Kingsway Camp in the 1950s, and his portrait, which hung in the State Banquet Hall, was taken down in the 1960s. Elsewhere in the city, even Hardinge Bridge was renamed after Tilak. The story of New Delhi reconstru­cted in the Rashtrapati Bhavan Museum includes King George V and Queen Mary (and their heavy silver-and-gold chairs from the 1911 Delhi Durbar), but no Har­dinge. It바카라�s time the real founder of New Delhi also got his due.

(Maseeh Rahman writes for  The Guardian from Delhi)